The Medium is the Message Essay - 1075 Words

The Medium is the Message McLuhan’s work with literature and culture produced the revolutionary thought that â€Å"the medium is the message.† In other words, cultures are changed not only by the â€Å"content† of technology, but also by the technology itself. The basic â€Å"content† of technology is easy to recognize. The content of the railway would seem to be transportation; the content of the Internet would seem to be information. But McLuhan’s idea that the medium proclaiming the â€Å"content† is itself the message is a hard one to understand. In the example of the railway, he says that â€Å"[t]he railway did not introduce movement or transportation or wheel or road into human society, but it accelerated and enlarged the scale of previous†¦show more content†¦Another example McLuhan offers is a particularly good one: the electric light (9). Many would believe that the light has no â€Å"content† unless it is spelling something such as â€Å"Open,† or â€Å"Miller Light.† But McLuhan says that the electric light itself communicates a message. The invention of the electric light restructured the way our society thought of â€Å"day† and â€Å"night.† Work no longer had to stop when the sun went down--one only had to turn on a light to continue work indoors. Light also has psychological effects. Low lighting in a restaurant communicates a message of quietness and perhaps romance, whereas the bright fluorescent lighting in a classroom communicates activity, promotes attention . Perhaps it is no wonder that to calm down an elementary school class after recess, the teacher often turns off the lights--she is communicating a message to her students through the technology of the electric light. In order to recognize and understand the social and psychological effects of technology as exemplified by the railway and electric light illustrations, one must â€Å"conside[r] not only the ‘content’ but the medium and the cultural matrix within which the particular medium operates† (11). McLuhan claims that all technology can be analyzed this way; but many researchers have studied only the effects of the content of technology on our society and neglected to look at it within the â€Å"cultural matrix.† To illustrate thisShow MoreRelatedThe Medium Is The Message958 Words   |  4 PagesMcLuhans, the Medium is the Message, he claims that the medium is more important than the message. I agree with his statement that the medium is more important that the message, because it is not what we say it is how we say it that matters most. The words we use are not as important as the way we choose to say them. I think that sometimes it can seem that what people are saying can be more important but it truly is how it is being perceived that is the most important part of the message. McLuhansRead MoreMeaning the Medium Is the Message1363 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the Meaning of The Medium is the Message? by Mark Federman Former Chief Strategist McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology a culture like ours, long accustomed to splitting and dividing all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that, in operational and practical fact, the medium is the message. This is merely to say that the personal and social consequences of any medium - that is, of any extension of ourselves - result from the new scale that isRead MoreIs The Medium Still The Message?2186 Words   |  9 PagesTanner Roark Prof. Robert O’bert English 1302-WC4 7 August 2016 Is the Medium Still the Message? Newspapers have traditionally been an important part of civil society, providing information to citizens, convening groups around events and issues, and serving as a watchdog against abuses by those in power. Going back to the Revolutionary War, newspapers have served to connect their community and relay information to those unconnected otherwise. Through the atrocities of the Vietnam War, surprise andRead MoreEssay about The Medium is the Message1923 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"The medium is the message,† uttered by the late media scholar and theorist Marshall McLuhan, and they have been revered and dissected ever since they were spoken. There has been several different interpretations on the premise of McLuhan’s words, and the meaning behind them. The best way to start unraveling his theory, is to get a general understanding of the terms used in his famous quote. In McLuhan’s own words, a medium is simply â€Å"an extension of ourselves.† Simply put th e medium personifiesRead MoreThe Medium Is the Message Media Hot and Cold970 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: THE MEDIUM IS THE MESSAGE MEDIA HOT AND COLD The Medium Is the Message Media Hot and Cold Name: Course: Instructor: Date: Introduction According to Mcluhan (2002), the media is a very significant channel of transmission of cultural values from one group to another or across generations. With the introduction of the television in the year 1948 in America, radio became less popular since the new media seemed involving and enticing than the former. It has beenRead MoreCommunication Is The Process Of Passing A Message Or A Medium Or Channel?918 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication is the process of passing a message or information from the sender to the receiver through a medium or channel. It is an essence of human interaction, relationships and learning. It’s also the process of using sound, sign and words to exchange information or express ideas and feelings to another person. The sender and the receiver of the message can interact face to face, or they can be far apart. For instance, people conversing together face to face. This implies that they are nearRead MoreUntitled1341 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Medium Is the Message by Marshall McLuhan, he explores new media in its most original, basic and pure way as an object, furthermore, he use the idea of the medium itself carries the message rather than the message, furthermore, to analyze how new media influence in the society. At the end, McLuhan explain the role of broadcast television (as a new medium) and how television itself become a â€Å"fixed charge† in people’s day-to-day living which we simply cannot live without it. (Marshall McLuhanRead MoreThe Importance of Perception in Face to Face Communication between Individuals1132 Words   |  5 PagesThe medium is, as McLuhan famously observed, a message that is inherent to every message that is created in or consumed from a medium. The medium is, to the extent that we can select among media, also a language such that the message of the medium is not only inherent to a message, but often an element of its composition. In what may be the most extreme view enabled by the processing of messages within media, the medium may also be a person and consumes messages, recreatesRead MoreCommunication Medium1062 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The essay below defines the process of communication and its mediums, outlines the main types of mediums, and describes why it is important to carefully choose the right way of communication when trying to deliver a message to recipients. Communication and its mediums. Communication is a very important aspect of everyday life. From the time we are born we are involved in this process. It’s one of the very first skills we learn in life, it’s something we do every day, and still theRead MoreThe Current Era Of Media1494 Words   |  6 Pagesstatement made by him that made many people to think that The medium is the message. McLuhan clearly support the notion that media increases the desire and new purposes. (Dekay, Sam H, 2014, page 51-52) He said that media is an extension of the human body, it represents the development so that we understood that the development is needed now, in order to adapt to human needs the science and technology. Thus, the medium is the message to emphasize that the use of communication tools have profoundly

How is Cyber Bullying Done Essay - 621 Words

Think about it? How is Cyber Bullying Done? To find an answer to this question is hard. Cyber bullying is done in many different ways around the world. Cyber bullying can happen anywhere at any time, even in places where you normally feel safe, such as home. Allot of cyber bullying can be done anonymously, you may not be sure who is targeting you. Since cyber bullies cant see your reaction, they will often go much further in their harassment or ridicule then they would face to face with you. Its also very important that you dont seek revenge on a cyber bully by becoming a cyber bully yourself. Again, it will only make the problem worse and could result in serious legal consequences for you. If you wouldnt say it in person, dont†¦show more content†¦Cyber bullying direct attacks messages send directly to others. Cyber bullying proxy is using others to help cyber bully the victim, either with or without the accomplices knowledge. People say sticks and stones may break your b ones, but names can never hurt you, but thats not true. Words can hurt -By the great singer Demi Lovato. How to fight for cyber bullying. Children that are getting cyber bullied should always tell their parents everything. They should ask for help. Parents should keep there Childs computer or laptop in a common area at home. Monitor social websites. Parents should trust their child. If you getting questions ,block the person or the best way to do is to delete account. Do not answer harmful messages. Answer in a positive way like you dont care. Always keep calmed whenever you set a hate message. Dont forward any bullying messages to others. Defined yourself. There are 6,852,472,823 people in the world. Why are you letting one of the them bring you down? -Unknow. Here are some facts about cyber bullying; 1. Nearly 35% of kids have been threatened online and almost one in five have had it happen more than once. 2. Among this percentage, being ignored and disrespected were the most com mon forms of cyber bullying. 3. Nine out of ten middle school students have had their feelings hurt online. 4. About 75% have visited a Web site bashing another student. 5. Four out of ten middle school students have hadShow MoreRelatedCyber Bullying And Its Effects1411 Words   |  6 PagesStudies indicate that cyber-bullying incidents have quadrupled in past five years (Ross). Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently. Every time you turn on the news there is another bullying, or a suicide related to bullying, incident being reported. â€Å"Love is louder† has been a common phrase among celebrities and influential figures lately. They are trying to send out a message to their followers saying that bullying is not right and should not be tolerated. The expansion of communication technologiesRead MoreCyber Bullying : A New Form Of Bullying979 Words   |  4 PagesChief Executive Officer of the Girl Scouts of the USA stated â€Å"Cyber Bullies can hide behind a mask of Anonymity online, and do not need direct physical access to their victims to do unimaginable harm† (Chavez). With this mention Cyber bullying has taken a toll in children and teenagers across the nation. Many doctors, advocates, teachers, parents and many more are helping children and teenagers fight against cyber bullying. Cyber bullying can start off as a game, but can become dangerous and lead toRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects1411 Words   |  6 PagesStudies indicate that cyber-bullying incidents have quadrupled in past five years (Ross). Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently. Every time you turn on the news there is another bullying, or a suicide related to bullying, incident being reported. â€Å"Love is louder† has been a common phrase among celebrities and influential figures lately. They are trying to send out a message to their followers saying that bullying is not right and should not be tolerated. The expansion of communication technolo giesRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effect On Society Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction There are two specific types of bullying. Bullying in itself and cyber bullying are two of the worst and most aggressive behaviors teenagers are involved in these days. No matter how this problem comes about or what process individuals go through to get to this point, it is an irresponsible yet dangerous form of action. Bullying in any form can cause harm to the victim, even death. Making a choice to be a bully is like that of building a bad character for one’s self. Definition CentersRead MorePublic Schools Should Be Able to Regulate Bullying Essay example1356 Words   |  6 Pagesteasing. When one reads these words, the first thing that we might associate it with is bullying. Whether or not we have experienced it ourselves, we have at least heard about it. However, as technology advances, so does the method of bullying. Today in our world that is run by technology, the modern method of bullying is called cyber bullying. The most recent definition of this is, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦This type of bullying allows the perpetrator to hide behind a computer screen or a phone screen and harass theirRead MoreCyber Bullying Must Be Improved And Consistent1267 Words   |  6 Pages Amanda Bridges Ms. Shultz / Mrs. Seymore English 5th Period 28 January 2015 Cyber Bullying Have you ever been cyber bullied? The effects of cyberbullying are greater than many people have come to realize. Cyber bullies have been around for a long time, but technology now gives them a whole new way to get to their victims easier and faster. Cyberbullying is the use of information technology to repeatedly harm or harass other people in a deliberate manner (abouthealth). Cyberbullying happensRead MoreCyber Bullying Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesStutzky suggests that cyber bullying is the use of modern communication technologies to embarrass, humiliate, threaten, or intimidate an individual in the attempt to gain power and control over them. Bullying has been around since the beginning of time. These days however, bullying isn’t just happening on the playground, it’s happening on the internet and mobile phones, making it possible to bully a child 24 hours a day. Cyber bullying follows children around the clock and into the safety of theirRead MoreBullying : Bullying Is Characterized By Exposure852 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a bullying? Bullying is characterized by exposure to repeated negative actions from one or more students. Bullying can also be noted as aggression that involves power imbalance between the victim and the aggressor. Negative actions are described as deliberate efforts to harm or cause discomfort in others (Mundbjerg 2014). About one-third of young elementary children will experience bullying, either as the victim, the bully or the bully-victim (Verlinden, 2014). When a child is bulliedRead MoreCyber Bullying And The Modern Age Essay1268 Words   |  6 Pagesallows cyber bullies to target victims without any repercussions. For the most part, cyber bullying is much like traditional forms of bullying, except for the fact that they take place online. It is generally viewed as a normative part of child development, and is done as a means of elevation one’s own social position. As cyber bullying takes place among other forms of bullying in the modern age research is being done by scientists to learn more about the nature of these aggressive acts and how to bestRead MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effect On Today s Youth1587 Words   |  7 PagesStudies have shown that cyberbullying incidents have quadrupled in the last five years. Cyber-bullying has become a huge issue recently. It is despairing to turn on the news everyday and watching reports going on about bullying and the number of suicides such has lead to. â€Å" Love is Louder† has been a phrase commonly used by celebrities to send out a message not only to fans but to humanity proving that bullying is not righteous and should not be tolerated. The more the communication through technology

Contemporary Stressors of Adolescence - 628 Words

Contemporary stressors Adolescent stress is an important part of their lives and it is important for it to be monitored regularly in order for them to feel the benefit of learning important stress management skills. About 39% of the adolescents undergo depression at one point or another and they seem to handle their problems in a way that is constructive. This stress and depression ranges from mild to severe with the young people often relying on negative or passive behaviors in their attempts to deal effectively with their problems. Stress is usually characterized by frustration, sadness, worry, tension and withdrawal. There are many reasons that lead to stress in adolescents and younger people. Various studies have been conducted to determine the causes of stress among adolescents. The A study that was conducted in the state of Minnesota provided information about the prevalence of stress and depression in adolescents. It was found that one of the stressful events in the adolescents lives is school work. This is concurrent with the results of a study on stress and coping which was conducted among adolescents in East Baltimore and it was found that school work is the most significant stressor. The second most important stressor in the lives of adolescents is parents and the third is romantic relationships. The fourth most important stressor is friends problems. The fifth most important stressor is younger siblings. In the study of Minnesota adolescents, it was foundShow MoreRelatedErving Goffmans Work Stigma1441 Words   |  6 Pageslabel may attempt to pass as â€Å"normal.† In this paper, I will discuss the role of stigma and shame in the coming out process, and the negative health outcomes that may result from such a stigmatized identity. I will also brin g into discussion more contemporary research, particularly minority stress and identity, which builds on Goffman’s concepts of stigma. Although the social context has changed since the time of Goffman’s writings, his conceptualizations provide a foundational base for future researchRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society863 Words   |  4 Pagesadjustment, few studies have investigated this issue for MaÌ…ori youth. One reason for this may be that for MaÌ…ori, family connectedness extends beyond the nuclear family unit and encompasses the whaÌ…nau (collective family unit) more broadly. In contemporary New Zealand society, whaÌ…nau is defined as â€Å"extended family,† although historically, a whaÌ…nau unit was defined as several generations of family members and family friends whose roles and responsibilities were interrelated (Moeke-Pickering, 1996)Read MoreThe Importance of Adolescence in Creating Successful Adults2070 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Contemporary researchers and theorists often view adolescence as the life stage where individuals become more future-oriented and attempt to consolidate their personality, creating a more integrated sense of self (Swann Spivey, 2004). For adolescents who are of a sexual minority, these developmental tasks often coincide with, or are dominated by, a crisis of self-concept where these adolescents find themselves suddenly and involuntarily associated with a stigmatized group (HutchinsonRead MoreHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology1163 Words   |  5 Pagesvariety of theories to explain psychological disorders. These theories usually fall in one of three basic categories: mystical/supernatural (possession of spirits), scientific/medical (biological, imbalances, faulty learning processes, or emotional stressors), and humanitarian (cruelty or inadequate living conditions) (Frude, 1998). Each of these theories and the ongoing advancements in knowledge has been the foundation of the study of abnormal psychology. To comprehend the effort that these aspectsRead MoreEassy in Gujarati2422 Words   |  10 Pages*  Ã‚  Ã‚   Organismic Psychology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kurt Goldstein   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jacob Robert Kantor *  Ã‚  Ã‚   Personalistic Psychology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -  Ã‚  Ã‚   William Stern   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -  Ã‚  Ã‚   Edward Sprenger   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -  Ã‚  Ã‚   G.W. Allport   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -  Ã‚  Ã‚   Henry A. Murray    Books : 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Contemporary Theories and Systems in Psychology by Benjamin B. Wolman (1979) Freeman Book     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Company.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Systems and Theories in Psychology by Melvin H. Marx and William A. Hillix (1978) Tata McGraw     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -Hill, New DelhiRead MoreClassism: The Concept Essay574 Words   |  3 Pagesclass as â€Å"an aspect of shared economic circumstances and shared social and cultural practices in relationship to positions of power shapes our lives and intersects with race, ethnicity, gender and geography in profound ways† (p. 247). An inclusive, contemporary, comprehensive and illustrative definition of actual classism is provided by the social activist, nonprofit organization, Class Action: Classism is differential treatment based on social class or perceived social class. Classism is the systematicRead MoreThe Nature Vs. Nurture1957 Words   |  8 Pagesbelieves that black women are more oppressed than their white counterparts are. It holds that sexism, racism and class oppression are all intertwined (Haralamabos Holborn 2013). In spite of the numerous changes in societies across the globe, the contemporary UK society has seen few, if any, changes. According to Thaper (2012), gender roles have not changed as much as in the other societies, but rather, have become more distinct. For instance, women still do more housework than the men do and in caseRead MoreEvidence-Based Treatments for Childhood Depression3114 Words   |  13 PagesTherapy (ABFT) is another evidence-based treatment of childhood depression. ABFT uses a family systems approach based on attachment theory to treat childhood and adolescent depression. For parents, ABFT focuses on criticism, disengagement, personal stressors and important parenting skills. For children, ABFT focuses on a positive self-concept, motivation, and disengagement. Some examples of treatment tasks are: relational reframing, alliance-building, reattachment, and promoting proficiency. In aRead MoreThe Impact Of Racism On People Of Color1875 Words   |  8 Pagesanal ysis to research on racism. This chapter also informs its readers on how to design a research on perceived racism. CH#3 Improving the Measurement of Self-Reported Racial Discrimination: Challenges and Opportunities Chapter 3 discuses chronic stressors on the micro and micro level and how they can play a part in one’s everyday life, along with its side effects. Integration effects such as historical trauma, is also covered within this chapter. CH#4 Moderators and Mediators of the Experience ofRead MoreAcademic Transformation of the College Students with Warning Status2414 Words   |  10 Pagessimilar response. Thus, traits are responsible for the relative consistency of every individual’s behavior. His theory is called psychology of individual because it emphasizes a person’s uniqueness. Allport was certain that motivation is always a contemporary process. An individual’s current self-image is for more important than whatever he or she has been in the past (except in pathological cares). Traits have the capacity to motivate, inhibit or select appropriate human behavior. According to Maslow

Family Family, Power, And The Children - 851 Words

Daniels Family: Power As a child, I did not believe that women had women has any power at all. I am not sure where I got this idea from because that is not what I was taught by my parents. I also saw that power was distributed in levels. The way I saw things, the man had the highest amount of power, then the woman had a bit of power, and the children had not power. Depending on the situation my father had a final say on decisions. It is hard to pinpoint who made the final decision at all times because every situation is different. Power was demonstrated in my household by yelling. The person who was doing the yelling became the person in power. If my mother was angry enough, she would slap or pinch us. If my father got very angry eh would say something hurtful and/or call us a name. He never was physical with us. My family was not blatantly subjected to discrimination, but at times we would be able to tell that we were treated differently. This was especially true when we moved to an area where there were more White families. From my observations, it was as if the other adults would speak to my parents as if they were not smart. I attribute that to the accents that both of my parents have. I came to notice that the adults would make sure that the spoke to my parents at a slower pace and continually ask them if they understood what was being said. I always the idea in my mind that if we were treated less than we deserved, then we were toShow MoreRelatedChildhood And The Family A Social Construction1497 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between a young child and their family has been of utmost importance and this relationship can influence, affect and contribute in determining the child s personality. However recently the state has been playing an increasing role in this complex relationship, until now where we are at a point where the state directly influences the childhood and family relationship, something I aim to explore in this assignment. Is childhood and the family a social construction? Childhood accordingRead MoreGeorge Peter Murdocks Theory Of Structural Functionalism953 Words   |  4 Pageshappen? Functionalists consider family as an essential building block of society. This is an analogy to decide that if one part of society actually starts failing, the society dies. George Peter Murdock believes nuclear families carry out 4 essential functions. These functions are Sexual, Reproductive, Socialization, and Economic. Under the sexual function we have the same partner to reduce social disruption by of a free for all. If we don’t reproduce we don’t have families, which explains the secondRead MoreEssay on Family Analysis Project951 Words   |  4 PagesFamily Analysis Project Introduction I selected the family of A.G which is based on personal acquaintance for this project. I will complete a comprehensive analysis using the criteria that I will be describing in details in the proceeding paragraphs. These criteria includes description of the nuclear family form, sociocultural data, genogram and Ecomap, environment, communication, power structure, role structure, values, spiritual activities, socialization, adaptation and healthcare. OnceRead MoreEssay Family Power Debate1405 Words   |  6 PagesFAMILY POWERBASE IS DETERMINED BY THE FAMILY STRUCTURE MODERATOR (Nancy):   I am Nancy, moderator for Team C debate.  Ã‚   Family structure is different in every family. The  family  has consensus over who has the ultimate say on the day to day  decisions. Present day family has very complex type of structure which affects the powerbase determination. A family consisting of a mother (female), father (male), and a child or two will have a very different power base than a family consisting of twoRead MoreWhy Totalitarian Dictators Separate Children from Their Families780 Words   |  4 Pagesideology of individualism. Within these societies children live apart from their families and grow up without any inherited characteristics of being an individual. Anthem is an example of this kind of society because it showcases the link between a totalitarian dictator’s power to the oppression of individualism found in a children that live apart from their families. Totalitarian Dictators enforce the arrangement of children l iving separate from their families because it oppresses individualism and allowsRead MoreHow Has the Nature of Family Life Changed in Australia over the Past 50 Years and What Impact Has This Had on Australian Society ?1026 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 14 2013 How has the nature of family life changed in Australia over the past 50 years and what impact has this had on Australian society ? Society and culture The nature of family life in Australias has changed over the past 50 years mainly due to advances in technology, changes in gender roles and also because of who has power and authority in todays modern families. As a result of these changes, Australias society has been impacted in many ways. For example, there has been anRead MoreMy Marriage And Children By Barney Abramson1656 Words   |  7 PagesMy Marriage and Children I am married to Barney Abramson and have two children, one boy, and one girl. Barney is different from everyone in my family. He immigrated to the US when he was 12 from the Dominican Republic. His beliefs and traditions are firmly rooted in his culture and his identity as a Dominican first and an American second. We have a close relationship with his family and see them often. We were both raised with low SES but had different experiences because of our global locationsRead MoreThe Status Of The Ideal American Family1182 Words   |  5 Pagesin family status has been both positive and negative. Historically, the flux in family diversity can be traced back for centuries, and we see many different practices that have had successes and failures amongst families in the United States. Over the last six decades, the image of the ideal American family has changed, as well as the political and economic status of women. The development of relative economic power for women has led to a change in family structure. The evolution of families canRead MoreEssay about Greek and Roman Mythology1513 Words   |  7 PagesGreek and Roman mythology is well know. The people of that time period were passionate about the gods and did everything in their power to please them. Like most religions the goal is be like one of the gods in order to achieve good fortune or to gain everlasting life. One of the most interesting characteristics about the Greek and Roman Gods is how the gods are not perfect in that they make the same mistakes that the average human would make. These characteristics were put into place to allow ancientRead MoreNot Wanted on the Voyage by Timothy Findley1143 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Voyage The family unit is an essential building block of human society. In Timothy Findley’s novel â€Å"Not Wanted on the Voyage†, Findley satirically tells the problem of modern age family’s problem which is isolated family units, parent-with-child relation problems, and an extramarital relationship. His version of the story of the Biblical patriarch Noah and his family. In many societies based on Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, the original Biblical story of Noah and his family is considered to

Analyse the Representation of the Figure of the Refugee Free Essays

Sea these lines, the narrator connects the discourse on asylum with conditions of hospitality in his host country. In fact, Sale’s situation Is little better than MIS- arable; he describes himself as a stranger who Is only half alive (BBS, 2). This rather pessimistic perspective may be rooted In his uncertain status of home on the one hand, and In his attainment of only a Limited freedom on the other. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyse the Representation of the Figure of the Refugee or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this dramatic- station of a refugee predicament, Guarani demonstrates that, to use Derails words, the stakes of Immigration do not In all rigor collide with those of hospitality which reach beyond the civic or properly political space† (Deride 2005. 6). Conclusion What are we to make of Guarani’s portrayals of refugee predicament in light of the earlier mapped out discourse of labeling? Does Guarani’s novel as a matter of fact offer new representational alternatives to wide-spread stereotypes? I believe it does. To me By the Sea achieves a rare quality of ‘credibility when the fragmented plot illuminates the two protagonists’ intertwined pasts. In this way the narrative generates a shoo-historical framework of migrant which illustrates the men’s present interpersonal relationship in Britain and their different approaches to say- lump. Through exchanging memories both protagonists confront their excruciatingly knotted histories and generate an atmosphere of forgiveness. Moreover, the novel’s grounding in various settings of the British imperial enterprise makes By the Sea a critique of colonialism and its legacy while illustrating the different lives How to cite Analyse the Representation of the Figure of the Refugee, Papers

Role of Magistrates free essay sample

This essay will discuss the role of the magistrate and jury in the English and Welsh legal decision-making process. It will assess both the advantages and disadvantages of both mechanisms and give an opinion on the contribution they make in the process. The role of a lay magistrate is one that is at the core of the legal system in England amp; Wales. They help maintain the foundation of the criminal justice system and deal with approximately 98% of all criminal matters. The sheer volume of cases that they deal with has helped earned them the title of the workhorses of the criminal justice system. A magistrate forms part of the judiciary however they are unique in the sense that they do not get paid. Even though magistrates do not get paid it is crucial that they are of good standing in the community to ensure an element of respect and a comprehension of what is right and wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Magistrates or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Lord Chancellor is tasked with the role of appointing magistrates on the advice of a local advisory committee. These committees are made up of existing magistrates and people in the prospective magistrates’ local area. It is seen as important to draw magistrates from local areas to be representative of the local community. Once appointed they are expected to sit for a minimum of 26 half days per year but it is frowned upon to do any more than 1 sitting per week for fear of ‘case hardening’. To start with all magistrates sit in the adult court but after gaining experience they may choose to apply to sit in the youth court or family proceedings court, and if successful undertake specialised training. Magistrates’ courts consist of a ‘bench’ of three magistrates with one who has been trained to take the chair. They are provided with training but it is not necessary to have any legal qualifications before becoming appointed as a magistrate. Due to the lack of legal expertise the bench benefits from the use of a court clerk who is required to have legal qualifications before taking the post. The clerk’s role is strictly advisory and they are not permitted to give their opinion toward guilt or innocence of the defendant. If someone is charged with a crime they will first go to a magistrates’ court. The magistrate must determine whether the offence is indictable, summary or triable either way. The category of offence brings with it different levels of punishment. A magistrate has limited sentencing power and can only impose fines of up to ? ,000 for private individuals or ? 20,000 if a business is involved, community service and prison sentences of up to 6months if for one offence, extended to 12months if for more than one offence. The sentencing power of the magistrate means that they have the authority to deal with only summary offences and triable either way offences. Indictable offences are offences which are more serious in nature such as rape and murder and therefore require harsher sentencing. These cases would be sent to the Crown Court. Magistrates mainly deal with summary offences of which there are hundreds. If an offence is deemed to be triable either way the defendant is given the choice as to whether they want to be tried by the magistrates or at crown court which utilises a jury to decide upon guilt or innocence. As with any system the magistrate comes with its advantages and disadvantages. To assess its advantages, disadvantages can be equally juxtaposed alongside it. One major advantage of the magistrate, particularly in today’s current economic climate, is that the position is voluntary and therefore unpaid. The saving would equate to millions of pounds to the economy every year. The downfall to this may be that a magistrate may also have to maintain another career alongside in order to make a living. A criticism of this could mean that a magistrate is not entirely dedicated to the calling. The voluntary aspect of the position may also account for the reasoning as to why legal qualifications are not a necessity. Even though they magistracy do benefit from basic training they do not have a legal expertise as such, however a court clerk who does hold legal qualifications can be used to counteract this criticism. The aforementioned lack of legal expertise was felt and cased in ‘The Magistrates Tale’ where T, Grove recounts from personal experience that even after 80 sittings he still felt like a novice. T Grove is an ardent cheerleader for the use of magistrates and his passages reflect that as a magistrate is drawn from the local community there is a sense that people are being judged by their peers. John Humphreys shares this opinion and has been cited as stating that ‘if the people sitting up the on the bench are people like us†¦.. hen we may be more likely to feel that we have been fairly judged’. Not all aspects of society share this opinion; anecdotal evidence shows that defendants show mistrust in the magistracy as when faced with the option to be tried by the magistrate or a jury a favour is shown toward the jury. This mistrust can be based on the impression of the magistrate by the common man. Even though it is desired that the magistrate represent a cr oss section of society the majority of magistrates are middle aged, middle class, white men. The mistrust however could also be down to a misplaced view that magistrates begin to become sceptical of lines of defence, that they start to recognises defendants traits and in turn show bias to similar defendants, they become ‘case hardened’. However this can be counteracted with the fact that a magistrate is limited to the amount of sittings they have per week which has been created in part to prevent such case hardening and biases are restricted due to the utilisation of a bench of 3 magistrates. The legal decision making system of England amp; Wales also utilises a jury. A jury is used when a case it out of the magistrates jurisdiction. Juries are an integral part of the legal system, a mechanism that is envied around the world to cite just one opinion, that of Dr Burkhard Schafer, professor at the University of Edinburgh. The modern jury’s role is to make decision of guilt or innocence of a defendant in court (or liability of a defendant in civil matters). A jury consists of 12 members of the public, chosen at random from the areas surrounding the court. They are expected be impartial and make decisions based on evidence brought before them, although on rare occasions the jury has gone against evidence and made a decision based on what they thought was morally right, as cased in the acquittal of Clive Ponting in 1985. In the past they have been seen to be treated unfairly as shown in Bushell’s Case (1670) Vaugh 135: Freem KB1 however as society has developed more importance has been placed on the allowance of fair and lengthy deliberation as cased in R v McKenna [1960] 1 QB 411 ‘a jury shall deliberate in complete freedom’. The judge gives the direction to the jury on the relevant law, which the jury has to apply to the facts of the case in order to reach a verdict. If it is a criminal case and the jury has given a verdict of guilty, then the judge will decide on appropriate sentence. In civil cases, juries function is to decide on how much money should be awarded in damages. The utilisation of a jury has been borne out of the democratic nature of English and Welsh society and epitomises the right for a fair trial by one’s peers. The Bill of Rights 1689 states that it is an ancient liberty to have a jury and the mechanism dates as far back as the Magna Carta. The jury has been interpreted as also having a political role as they stand in the face of oppressive rule. In a sense it plays a vital role in ensuring that the criminal justice system works for the benefit of the public rather than for the benefit of unjust leaders. Their role is important in the legal system as the ethos of justice in the country is to be tried by one’s peers. As established by Lord Hewart CJ in R V Sussex ex p McCarthy [1924] 1 KB 256, It is deemed important that ‘justice should not only be done but†¦. seen to be done’. The system must be opaque to ordinary members of society and allow the public to have a voice in the workings of the law. Even though the system is cherished and importance has been placed on the protection of there has been continued pressure for the need for jury reform. This has proven to be a difficult task to accomplish because of the ideals at the heart of the British justice system. The envied system of lay justice is precious and any suggestions for reform may be seen to endanger its workings. As with the magistracy there are both advantages and disadvantages that come with the utilisation of a jury. One advantage that lies at the heart of its use is that it is participatory lay justice. Both the public and executive alike want to maintain the open system of justice and allow the ordinary man to be involved. This goes a long way in trying to maintain public confidence in a system where otherwise they would have no voice. The unfortunate downside of choosing members of the public is that they may have limited legal understanding and often find it hard to under complex information. The lack of understanding, particularly in complex fraud trials has led to calls for reform by bodies such as the Roskill Commission in 1986 which called for the abolition of the jury in such cases. Another advantage lies in the secrecy of the jury room. Jurors are protected from outside pressure and are not permitted to discuss the case with anyone outside of the jury room. These rules have been set out in both the Contempt of Court Act 1981 and Juries Act 1971. A jury simply decides on a guilty or innocent verdict and their reasoning for the decision is never disclosed. Even though the system is designed to be opaque a criticism of the jury’s non-disclosure of reasoning may counteract the need for transparency in the system. It also goes against the philosophy of the Human Rights Act 1998 as the defendant may not understand why he has been found guilty. This is another area of the jury where reform has been called for from bodies such as the Runciman Commission where its report recommended research into the decisions of the jury. In summary this essay has reflected the importance of lay justice in the English amp; Welsh legal system, a system that is envied throughout the world. Both the magistrate and juror facilitate this lay justice perfectly. The contribution both parties make could be considered to be the most important decision of the entire legal decision-making process. It is important as the liberty and freedom of a defendant depends on the conclusion that lay people make. As stated 98% of criminal matters are decided upon by lay magistrates and those decisions that are out of their remit are decided upon by the jury. Although there will inevitably be opposition to the utilisation of these systems the Government takes an active role in ensuring that measures in places to try and reform the structures into modern and effective mechanisms. The progress may be slow but as it is a cherished system the need for protection is strong.

Competitive Strategy Long Term Goal for Business

Question: Describe about the Competitive Strategy for Long Term Goal for Business. Answer: What is strategy? Paragraph 1: The key ideas In order to achieve a long-term goal, a business organisation has to design a plan of action. This kind of plan of action is known as a strategy. As per the opinion of Dandira (2011), potential resources, profound market knowledge and decorated advertising policies are an integral part of the business strategy. It is essential for an organisation to preserve a sustainable market position in this competitive world so that the firm could achieve the long-term goals and objectives. Thus, the successful business organisations across the globe introduced diversified strategic planning in order to reach the light of the success. It provides direction and action plan to establish a concise and strategic way, so that the firm acquires the direction to move with the required action plan (Mullins, 2012). Furthermore, it prioritises and align activities to establish a task priority and allocates the resources for performing the strategic initiatives and coordinate with each other to attain the organisation goals. The defines accountabilities step provides a clear idea of job responsibility and the required time frame to achieve the expected outcome. Additionally, it enhances communication and commitment to increase the alignment of all the organisational activities (Myrna, 2009). It is alos helpful to improve the communication process in all the levels of the organisation. Moreover, it provides a framework for the ongoing decision making process. All the operational decisions of the organisations have to support the adopted strategies initially and similarly the strategic initiatives taken by the firm are the key point for all the organisational decision making approach. Thus, the different types of organisations need to be adopted various types of strategies by analysing the internal and external environment of the firm. The firm is required to construct the strategies depending on the natures and categories of the business (Schmidt and Jettinghoff, 2016). The next parag raph describes the business strategies of an e-commerce firm, Amazon. Paragraph 2: The beneficial applications In order to differentiate the market position, the e-commerce company has tied up with different start-up organisations like IMBD.com, Junglee.com, pets.com, Zappos.com, which assisted the firm to offer a high degree of value to the customers. Considering the words of Dandira (2011), Amazon has achieved a high range of economic scale by providing a wide product line that consists of electronics gadgets, apparels, games, toys and much more. An extensive product segment has helped Amazon to keep the product price low so that the customers would get an optimum benefit while shopping with the chosen e-commerce firm. According to the opinion of Mullins (2012), Amazon Dash, Amazon Prime Pantry and Amazon Pay to Quit, etc. are the most prospective strategies of the firm to boost up the revenue margin. Adding to this, the e-books, movies as per the demand of the consumers has provided a maximum revenue margin to the firm. Hence, the brand is competent to preserve a unique value of its produc t and services towards the global marketplace. Therefore, it could be depicted that Amazon has created its brand reliability by following the adopted strategies. References: Dandira, M. (2011) The impact of executive directors service contracts on strategic plan, Business Strategy Series, 12(1), pp. 1218. Mullins, J. (2012) PLAN B: RE-THINKING FUNDING, Business Strategy Review, 23(4), pp. 4749. Myrna, J.W. (2009) How to ensure your recessionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ fighting game plan gets implemented, Business Strategy Series, 10(3), pp. 173180. Schmidt, G.B. and Jettinghoff, W.M. (2016) Using Amazon mechanical Turk and other compensated crowdsourcing sites, Business Horizons, 59(4), pp. 391400.